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16 Now the tablets were the work of God, and the writing was the writing of God, engraved on the tablets. 17 When Joshua heard the noise of the people as they shouted,[a] he said to Moses, “It is the sound of war in the camp!” 18 Moses[b] said, “It is not the sound of those who shout for victory,[c] nor is it the sound of those who cry because they are overcome,[d] but the sound of singing[e] I hear.”[f]

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 32:17 sn See F. C. Fensham, “New Light from Ugaritica V on Ex, 32:17 (brʿh),” JNSL 2 (1972): 86-7.
  2. Exodus 32:18 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Moses) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  3. Exodus 32:18 tn Heb “the sound of the answering of might,” meaning it is not the sound of shouting in victory (U. Cassuto, Exodus, 418).
  4. Exodus 32:18 tn Heb “the sound of the answering of weakness,” meaning the cry of the defeated (U. Cassuto, Exodus, 415).
  5. Exodus 32:18 tn Heb “answering in song” (a play on the twofold meaning of the word).
  6. Exodus 32:18 sn See A. Newman, “Compositional Analysis and Functional Ambiguity Equivalence: Translating Exodus 32, 17-18, ” Babel 21 (1975): 29-35.